Tag Archives: SpecFlow

Automatic type conversion of parameters in SpecFlow

In a previous post I showed that SpecFlow can change values of parameters. This mechanism is not just limited to transforming content of string values. It can also convert the literal string in your feature file to some complex object for your step-definition code.

Let say in your feature file you want to write steps like this:

Scenario: MyScenario
    When I print this list 'A,B,C,D'

Then you might be tempted to convert the string 'A,B,C,D' to a list like this

[Binding]
public class MyBindings
{
    [StepDefinition(@"I print this list '([^']*)'") ]
    public void PrintList(string input)
    {
        var items = input.Split(',')
        foreach(var item in items)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(item)
        }
    }
}

Don’t do this…it causes the same problems as mentioned in the previous post.

Instead SpecFlow’s Step Argument Conversion lets us simplify our step definition code to this:

[Binding]
public class MyBindings
{
    [StepDefinition(@"I print this list '([^']*)'") ]
    public void PrintList(IEnumerable<string> items) 
    {
        foreach(var item in items)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(item)
        }
    }
   
    [StepArgumentTransformation]
    public IEnumerable<string> TransformStringToList(string input)
    {
        return input.Split(',');
    }
}

Automatic parsing of parameters in SpecFlow

Most implementations of cucumber can automatically replace parameter values with some run time value. Let say in your feature file you want to write steps like this:

Scenario: MyScenario
    When I print 'Hello from test case {test}' 
    When I save the value '{test}' to my database

Then you might be tempted to write these bindings (dont do this…keep reading!)

[Binding]
public class MyBindings
{
    [StepDefinition(@"I print '([^']*)'") ]
    public void PrintMessage(string Message)
    {
        string Name = ....
        Message = Message.Replace("{test}",Name)
        Console.WriteLine(Message);
    }

    [StepDefinition(@"I save '([^']*)' to my database") ]
    public void SaveToDatabase(string Message)
    {
        string Name = ....
        Message = Message.Replace("{test}",Name)
        Console.WriteLine(Message);
    }
}

This way of writing step definitions becomes a real problem as the size of your automation increases:

  1. we have to repeat the same logic in every step definition.
  2. Its easy to forget to repeat that code.
  3. New placeholders need you to find and update all places where this kind of parsing is done.
  4. Its code that’s needed but not relevant for the objective of the step definitions.

Luckily SpecFlow’s Step Argument Conversion helps us! We can simplify our binding code to this:

[Binding]
public class MyBindings
{
    [StepDefinition(@"I print '([^']*)'") ]
    public void PrintMessage(string Message) => Console.WriteLine(Message);

    [StepDefinition(@"I save '([^']*)' to my database") ]
    public void SaveToDatabase(string Message) => Console.WriteLine(Message);
    
    [StepArgumentTransformation]
    public string TransformParsedString(string input)
    {
        string Name = ...
        return input.Replace("{test}",Name);
    }
}

Other implementations of cucumber also implement this principle. Its frequently referred to using these buzzwords:

  1. Transforms / Transformations
  2. Parsing / Replacing
  3. StepArgumentTransformation

Running your testcases concurrently

System- and integration tests can take a lot of time to complete. If you want to speed this up then you can choose to run multiple test cases at the same time in parallel.

Unit Testcases in Visual Studio


You can configure Visual Studio to run unit concurrent testcases on your local machine using the following procedure:

  1. Ensure your project is using a .testsettings file
  2. Open it in an XML editor (Notepad++ or visual Studio’s “Open With” command)
  3. Set the parallelTestCount attribute on the Execution entity some some integer value

This will only work for situations where all the following is true:

  • The testcases and related frameworks are thread-safe
  • The testcases are of type unit testcase. It really won’t work for coded-ui tests
  • Its NOT a Data-Driven Unit Test
  • There are 0 diagnostic adapters included in the .testsettings file
  • Your machine has multiple cores

Controller and Agents with Visual Studio


If you have enough Physical or Virtual Machines available, then its always possible to configure a Controller and multiple agents. That will allow you to distribute your testcases over the machines. There’s no limitation on the type of testcases here. The only thing to take into account that running testcases that interact with a User Interface will require specific configuration on part of the agent machines. I use this setup mainly for running a lot of performance-tests against my client’s SharePoint farm.

See Configuring Test Controllers and Test Agents for Load Testing for details.

SpecFlow / SpecRun


SpecRun is a test-runner from the makers of SpecFlow that will allow you to run many concurrent SpecFlow scenarios. Its easy to setup and doesn’t really have any significant limitations. I use a combination of SpecFlow, SpecRun and an on-premise Selenium Grid to run my 250+ automated regression tests.

What to do when SpecRun doesn’t find any testcases to execute

So you’ve installed SpecRun, updated app.config, started a testrun….but SpecRun reports that it found 0 testcases. There’s two fixes for this.

Regenerate the feature files


Usually the *.feature.cs code-behinds aren’t removed when you clean the project. Those files still contain code pertaining to the previous test runner. You need to regenerate the .feature files in the solution before the code-behinds are updated to use the SpecRun test runner.

Clean Visual Studio’s cache for the test runners


Another cause for this unexpected behavior is due due to corruption in Visual Studio’s cache for the test runners. This can be fixed by the following:

  1. Close Visual Studio
  2. navigate to %TEMP%\VisualStudioTestExplorerExtensions\
  3. Delete any SpecRun related folders

Describing large forms and data entry in Cucumber / SpecFlow feature files

Did you know that in .feature files you can use the table notation to specify each field and value in rows instead of columns?

This can make the file way more readable when a step needs a lot of different parameters. Here is an example that shows both ways of creating an invoice:

Feature: Demo

Scenario: TwoDifferentStylesOfSteps
	When I create an invoice with number '111' with '119.00' euro total, '19.00' euro VAT from 'ACME Inc' at '1234XYZ 99' in 'USA'
	When I create the following invoice:
		| Field            | Value      |
		| Number           | 222        |
		| TotalAmount      | 238.00     |
		| VATAmount        | 38.00      |
		| Debtor           | ACME Inc   |
		| DebtorAdresLine1 | 1234XYZ 99 |
		| DebtorCountry    | USA        |
	Then The systems invoice store must look like this:
		| Number | TotalAmount | VatAmount |
		| 111    | 119.00      | 19.00     |
		| 222    | 238.00      | 38.00     |
		

Here is the corresponding binding code:

namespace TableExample
{
    public class Invoice
    {
        public int Number { get; set; }
        public decimal TotalAmount { get; set; }
        public decimal VatAmount { get; set; }
        public string Debtor { get; set; }
        public string DebtorAdresLine1 { get; set; }
        public string DebtorAdresLine2 { get; set; }
        public string DebtorCountry { get; set; }
    }
  
    [Binding]
    public class TablesSteps
    {
        private IList<Invoice> Invoices;

        public TablesSteps()
        {
            this.Invoices = new List<Invoice>();
        }


        [When(@"I create an invoice with number '(.*)' with '(.*)' euro total, '(.*)' euro VAT from '(.*)' at '(.*)' in '(.*)'")]
        public void WhenICreateAnInvoiceWithNumberWithEuroTotalEuroVATFromAtIn(int Number, 
            decimal TotalAmount,
            decimal VatAmount,
            string Debtor,
            string DebtorLine1,
            string DebtorCountry)
        {
            Invoice TestInvoice = new Invoice();
            TestInvoice.Number = Number;
            TestInvoice.TotalAmount = TotalAmount;
            TestInvoice.VatAmount = VatAmount;
            TestInvoice.Debtor = Debtor;
            TestInvoice.DebtorAdresLine1 = DebtorLine1;
            TestInvoice.DebtorCountry = DebtorCountry;
            this.Invoices.Add(TestInvoice);
        }

        [When(@"I create the following invoice:")]
        public void WhenICreateTheFollowingInvoice(Table table)
        {
            Invoice TestInvoice = table.CreateInstance<Invoice>();
            this.Invoices.Add(TestInvoice);
        }

        [Then(@"The systems invoice store must look like this:")]
        public void ThenTheSystemsInvoiceStoreMustLookLike(Table table)
        {
            var rows = table.CreateSet<Invoice>();
            foreach (Invoice test in rows)
            {
                IEnumerable<Invoice> Matches = this.Invoices
                    .Where(invoice => invoice.Number.Equals(test.Number))
                    .Where(invoice => invoice.TotalAmount.Equals(test.TotalAmount))
                    .Where(invoice => invoice.VatAmount.Equals(test.VatAmount));
                Assert.AreEqual(1, Matches.Count(), string.Format("Invoice {0} not correct in invoicestore", test.Number));
            }
        }

    }

}

Combining SpecFlow and Selenium

One of the cool things I like to do when testing webapps, is to define the testcases using SpecFlow (also known as Cucumber) and then use Selenium to actually execute the testcases against the web-application.

Here is an example testcase:

Feature: SpecFlowAndSelenium
	For demonstration purposes, I want to show how the human-readable
	SpecFlow testcases can be executed using Selenium to operate
	a real webbrowser

Scenario: SeleniumAndSpecFlow
	Given I navigate to 'http://www.google.com'
	Then there must be a control with 'id' 'gbqfq' 
	When I type 'Hello World!' into it
	Then there must be a control with 'id' 'gbqfb'
	When I click on it
	Then there must be a link with 'partialtext' 'Wikipedia' 
	When I click on it
	Then there must be a control with 'id' 'searchInput'
	When I type 'Selenium' into it
	Then there must be a control with 'id' 'searchButton' 
	When I click on it
	Then there must be a link with 'text' 'chemical element'
	And there must be a link with 'text' 'Selenium (software)'
	When I click on it
	Then there must be a link with 'text' 'web browsers'

And here you can see Selenium using Firefox to perform all the actions and checks:

Automatic conversion of Tables to your C# classes using Specflow.Assist.Dynamic

Using tables in .feature files is good practice for creating readable and maintainable testcases. When you create the step definitions, you’ll frequently find yourself creating code to convert the fields in the Table class to something more useful for your code. Using Specflow.Assist.Dynamic we can have automatic conversion between the Table class and a collection of our own classes. In this post we’ll see how to get this working for a basic example

Install the NuGet package

PM> Install-Package Specflow.Assist.Dynamic
Attempting to resolve dependency 'ImpromptuInterface (≥ 5.6.2)'.
Attempting to resolve dependency 'SpecFlow'.
Installing 'ImpromptuInterface 5.6.2'.
Successfully installed 'ImpromptuInterface 5.6.2'.
Installing 'SpecFlow.Assist.Dynamic 1.0.2'.
Successfully installed 'SpecFlow.Assist.Dynamic 1.0.2'.
Adding 'ImpromptuInterface 5.6.2' to TableConversion.
Successfully added 'ImpromptuInterface 5.6.2' to TableConversion.
Adding 'SpecFlow.Assist.Dynamic 1.0.2' to TableConversion.
Successfully added 'SpecFlow.Assist.Dynamic 1.0.2' to TableConversion.

This has updated our App.config with the following:

<specFlow>
    <!-- For additional details on SpecFlow configuration options see http://go.specflow.org/doc-config -->
  <stepAssemblies>
      <!-- This attribute is required in order to use StepArgument Transformation as described here; 
    https://github.com/marcusoftnet/SpecFlow.Assist.Dynamic/wiki/Step-argument-transformations  -->
      <stepAssembly assembly="SpecFlow.Assist.Dynamic" />
    </stepAssemblies>
  </specFlow>

Create a .feature file with a table in it

Create the following .feature file:

Feature: TableConversion
	In order to avoid lots of code, I want my Tables in the feature file 
	to be automatically converted to an object I can use in the code of my 
	step definitions.

Scenario: TableConversionExample
	Given the following table:
	| id | sometext        | somebool |
	| 1  | Hello World     | True     |
	| 2  | and again hello | False    |
	Then my binding should have the following objects:
	| id | sometext           | somebool |
	| 1  | Hello World        | True     |
	| 2  | and again hello    | False    |

Create the following binding

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using TechTalk.SpecFlow;
using TechTalk.SpecFlow.Assist;

namespace TableConversion
{
    class MyPocoClass
    {
        public int    id       { get; set; }
        public string sometext { get; set; }
        public bool?  somebool { get; set; }
    }

    [Binding]
    public class TableConversionSteps
    {
        private Dictionary<int, MyPocoClass> MyObjects;

        public TableConversionSteps()
        {
            this.MyObjects = new Dictionary<int, MyPocoClass>();

        }

        [Given(@"the following table:")]
        public void GivenTheFollowingTable(Table table)
        {
            var rows = table.CreateSet<MyPocoClass>();
            //Store each row/object in a dictionary using its id as key
            foreach (MyPocoClass poco in rows)
            {
                this.MyObjects.Add(poco.id, poco);
            }
        }

        [Then(@"my binding should have the following objects:")]
        public void ThenMyBindingShouldHaveTheFollowingObjects(Table table)
        {
            var ExpectedObjects = table.CreateSet<MyPocoClass>();

            //Check that each object that should be present, really is present
            foreach (MyPocoClass ExpectedObject in ExpectedObjects)
            {
                MyPocoClass ActualObject = this.MyObjects[ExpectedObject.id];
                if(false == ActualObject.sometext.Equals(ExpectedObject.sometext))
                {
                    Assert.Fail(String.Format(
                        "Expected sometext '{0}', actual text was {1}",
                        ExpectedObject.sometext,
                        ActualObject.sometext));
                }
                
                if(ActualObject.somebool != ExpectedObject.somebool)
                {
                    Assert.Fail(String.Format(
                        "Expected somebool '{0}', actual somebool was {1}",
                        ExpectedObject.somebool,
                        ActualObject.somebool));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Run the unit test

When you run this test, you’ll see that it passes. Somethings to remember:

  • The framework maps the name of the fields in the table header to a property in your poco class. If it cant find that property, no errors will be raised

  • Conversion of text in the .feature file to a C# property strips/trims white-space before and after the text in the .feature file. White-space in the middle will remain and be included in your C# property

  • The framework uses the .Net methods to parse the fields. Be careful, the text “1” will not result in a True value in your boolean fields in the poco class

Setting the language for your .feature files

The syntax of the .feature files is meant to be readable by your users, so of course its logical that we should be able to create .feature files in many different languages.

How to set the language to use

Setting the language for all .feature files

If you want to set the language for all .feature files, then you can specify this in the App.config:

  <specFlow>
    ...
    <language feature="nl-NL" />
    ...
   </specflow>

Setting the language per .feature file

If you want set the language for a single .feature file then you can use a comment in the header of your feature file:

#language: nl-NL
Functionaliteit: Optellen van getallen
...

How to find the syntax for your language

Now that you’ve set your desired language, you can start creating .feature files using the keywords in your user’s language. How do we find out what these keyword are? Take a look at the Gherkin i18n file and you’ll be able to figure it out.

"lv": {
"name": "Latvian",
"native": "latviešu",
"feature": "Funkcionalitāte|Fīča",
"background": "Konteksts|Situācija",
"scenario": "Scenārijs",
"scenario_outline": "Scenārijs pēc parauga",
"examples": "Piemēri|Paraugs",
"given": "*|Kad",
"when": "*|Ja",
"then": "*|Tad",
"and": "*|Un",
"but": "*|Bet"
},
"nl": {
"name": "Dutch",
"native": "Nederlands",
"feature": "Functionaliteit",
"background": "Achtergrond",
"scenario": "Scenario",
"scenario_outline": "Abstract Scenario",
"examples": "Voorbeelden",
"given": "*|Gegeven|Stel",
"when": "*|Als",
"then": "*|Dan",
"and": "*|En",
"but": "*|Maar"
},

Basic integration of automated testcases with TestRail

TestRail's logo
In a previous post I talked about TestRail and using it for testcase management. In this post we dive into getting this up-and-running using a combination of SpecFlow and TestRail. SpecFlow is the tool that will run our testcases. TestRail is where we maintain lists of testsuites, testcases and testresults.

Setup a project on your TestRail account

First we start by creating a new project in TestRail just for the purpose of this post:
The created project in TestRail

The created project in TestRail

Create a testsuite in TestRail

Within the project we define a testsuite that will contain our automated testcases. Depending on your specific situation you might want to have multiple suites.
Image showing creation of a new suite

Creating a new suite


Image showing the created suite

Testsuite created

Create a testcase in TestRail

Now its time to create a testcases in TestRail that represents our automated testcase:
Creating a new testcase

Creating a new testcase


After saving this, we have 1 testsuite containing 1 testcase:
New testcase created

New testcase created

Create a test run in TestRail

A single testcase can be run multiple times and it might have a different result each time. Therefore, TestRail wants us to schedule the testcase in a testrun and we provide the testresult for the combination of the testcase within that testrun.
Testrun created

Testrun created, no results yet

In the above screenshot we see that we have created a testrun with id R1 and it includes a test with ID T1. Remember this ID as we will need it later when our automated test talks to your TestRail account.

Setup TestRail to allow access to the API

Before the API can be used, you need to enable it for your TestRail project. Go to your Dashboard and click on ‘Administration’
TestRail project administration page

TestRail project administration page

Click on ‘Manage site settings’, then on the ‘API’ tab and put a checkmark in the ‘Enable API’ checkbox:
API enabled for project

API enabled for project

Create a TestRail user to be used by the automated tests

Although not required, it is wise to have the automated testcases integrate with TestRail through a dedicated user. For this post I created a user with the following settings:

UsernameSpecFlow
E-mail adresAn email that you are able to access and that is not yet in use by another user
PasswordSpecFlow
LanguageEnglish
LocaleEnglish (United States)
TimezoneUTC+1

Download the TestRail API

TestRail provides a HTTP/JSON API that you can use to integrate your favorite testtool with your online TestRail projects. Its documented on http://docs.gurock.com/testrail-api2/start

Download the API from the link in the TestRail documentation and extract the .zip into the directory where your solution is located.

Extracting API into your solution

Extracting API into your solution

Add the API to your solution

Insert the TestRail .csproj into your solution using File->Add->Existing Project:
Inserting Gurock.TestRail.csproj

Inserting Gurock.TestRail.csproj

Visual Studio might ask you which .Net framework to use. Change it to .Net 4.5

Visual Studio asking which .Net version to use

Visual Studio asking which .Net version to use

Build the Gurock project and add a reference in your testproject to the Gurock assembly.

Adding reference to Gurock.TestRail assembly

Adding reference to Gurock.TestRail assembly

Also add a reference to the Newtonsoft JSON library. We need this as the TestRail API returns JSON objects that we need to deal with in our C# code.

Adding reference to JSON.Net

Adding reference to JSON.Net


My installation of Visual Studio 2013 already had this library, if your installation doesn’t then the TestRail API docs provide a download link.

Create your automated testcase in SpecFlow

Our starting point will be the automated testcase we created earlier

Add the following using statements to your Binding:

using Gurock.TestRail;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;

Add the following method to the Binding. This code is executed by SpecFlow whenever a testcase has been run and it will push the result to TestRail. Because this is just a very basic introduction, I have hardcoded the ID of the test that we remembered from earlier.

        [AfterScenario]
        public static void AfterScenario()
        {
            Gurock.TestRail.APIClient client = new Gurock.TestRail.APIClient("https://yoursite.testrail.com/");
            client.User = "user@domain.com"; //Put the e-mail of your user here
            client.Password = "SpecFlow"; //Put the password of your user here

            Dictionary<string, object> testResult = new Dictionary<string, object>();
            if(null != ScenarioContext.Current.TestError)
            {
                
                testResult["status_id"] = "5"; //failed;
                testResult["comment"] = ScenarioContext.Current.TestError.ToString();
            }
            else
            {
                testResult["status_id"] = "1"; //passed
            }
            
            client.SendPost("add_result/1", testResult); //Here I am using a hardcoded test id. 
        }

Note: Although the TestRail docs use a http:// address, you must use a https:// address if your site is hosted on TestRails cloud service, otherwise the API will throw exceptions containing HTTP 401 error messages.

Run the test and check your TestRail site

Now run the SpecFlow testcase and you will see that TestRail now reports that the test has passed:
TestRail showing passed testcase

TestRail showing passed testcase

Installing SpecFlow in Visual Studio 2013 Premium and up

In this post we go through the steps needed to get SpecFlow up-and-running in Visual Studio 2013. I’ve done this using the Premium edition and it should work on most editions except for Express.

Install SpecFlow

Click on Tools -> Extensions and updates:

Extensions and updates

Click on ‘Online’ and type in SpecFlow in the searchbox:

Extensions and updates

Click on the ‘ Download’ button and Visual Studio will download SpecFlow:

Download of the extension

When the download is complete, Visual Studio will show the following window:

SpecFlow's license agreement

Just click on the ‘Install’ button. Once Visual Studio has completed the install, it will show the following window. Click on ‘Restart now’ to restart Visual Studio:

Restarting Visual Studio after SpecFlow installation

Create a new Test project in Visual Studio

From Visual Studio’s menu click on File->New->Project. Then select the ‘Test’ template and choose ‘Unit Test Project’. Enter the name and location of the project conform your usual habits.

Creating a Test project

You now have a Solution that contains a Unit Test project which in-turn contains one empty test case.

Empty testcase

Setup your project to use SpecFlow

In earlier steps we installed the SpecFlow add-on. However, each project that wants to use this add-on, needs to set its references correctly. The NuGet package manager can do this for you. Use the following command in the Package Manager console to achieve this:
Install-Package SpecFlow -ProjectName SpecFlowAndTestRailIntegration
Using NuGet to setup your project's references

This has added an App.config  to our project:

Your App.config has been updated

And it has setup the references for us:

References have been updated

Add a SpecFlow testcase to the project

SpecFlow testcases, also known as ‘scenarios’ are contained within a feature file. One file can contain many testcases.

Right click on your project in the Solution Explorer, choose ‘Add->New Item’. This will show the following dialog, where you can see three types of SpecFlow related files. In this case, we will add a ‘ SpecFlow Feature File’

Adding a new .feature file

Click on ‘Add’  and the feature file will be added to the project:

.feature file has been added

Delete ‘UnitTest1.cs’

This file was generated by Visual Studio when we created the project, we don’t need it, so just delete ‘UnitTest1.cs’

Bindings: Getting the testcases to actually do something

When you add a new .feature file, SpecFlow fills it with a small default testcase:

SpecFlow's default content

In the above example, you can see that some lines contain purple text. This is SpecFlow’s way of indicating that these steps in the testcase don’t do anything yet and that you need to create some code that actually does what the step needs. This code is known as a ‘Binding’. Right click on the following line:

Given I have entered 50 into the calculator

and a context menu will appear:

Popup when right clicking in a .feature file

Select ‘Generate Step Definitions’

Generating step definitions

In this dialog window, SpecFlow allows us to control for which steps we want to create bindings and what the name of the C# class and file will be. For sake of this example, just accept the defaults and press ‘Generate’.

Saving the generated stepdefinitions

Press ‘Save’ and we now have a new .cs file in our project:

Project contains a new .cs file

This file contains the following not-so-useful code. We will complete this code later on.

using System;
using TechTalk.SpecFlow;

namespace SpecFlowAndTestRailIntegration
{
    [Binding]
    public class SpecFlowFeature1Steps
    {
        [Given(@"I have entered (.*) into the calculator")]
        public void GivenIHaveEnteredIntoTheCalculator(int p0)
        {
            ScenarioContext.Current.Pending();
        }

        [When(@"I press add")]
        public void WhenIPressAdd()
        {
            ScenarioContext.Current.Pending();
        }

        [Then(@"the result should be (.*) on the screen")]
        public void ThenTheResultShouldBeOnTheScreen(int p0)
        {
            ScenarioContext.Current.Pending();
        }
    }
}

Configuring which unittest framework to use

If you compile the solution at this point in time, then you would probably get a bunch of the following compilation errors:
The type or namespace name 'NUnit' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)
This is due to the fact that the default App.config for SpecFlow, wants to use the NUnit framework which we don’t have in this example. Instead, modify the App.Config to use Microsoft’s test framework as shown below:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="specFlow" type="TechTalk.SpecFlow.Configuration.ConfigurationSectionHandler, TechTalk.SpecFlow" />
  </configSections>
  <specFlow>
    <unitTestProvider name="MsTest" />
    <!-- For additional details on SpecFlow configuration options see http://go.specflow.org/doc-config -->
  </specFlow>
</configuration>

When we save changes to the App.config, SpecFlow detects this and will ask you the following question:

SpecFlow asking to regenerate codebehinds

It’s almost always fine to just press ‘Yes’. Now when we build the solution, we will only get 3 informational messages that can be ignored:

Three remaining messages

Finishing the code in Binding

To actually get the teststeps to do something useful, we need to implement the different steps in the binding. Replace the content of the .cs file with the following:

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using TechTalk.SpecFlow;

namespace SpecFlowAndTestRailIntegration
{
    [Binding]
    public class SpecFlowFeature1Steps
    {
        private List<int> inputs;
        private int result;

        public SpecFlowFeature1Steps()
        {
            this.inputs = new List<int>();
        }

        [Given(@"I have entered (.*) into the calculator")]
        public void GivenIHaveEnteredIntoTheCalculator(int p0)
        {
            this.inputs.Add(p0);
        }

        [When(@"I press add")]
        public void WhenIPressAdd()
        {
            this.result = 0;
            foreach(int number in this.inputs)
            {
                result += number;
            }
        }

        [Then(@"the result should be (.*) on the screen")]
        public void ThenTheResultShouldBeOnTheScreen(int p0)
        {
            if(p0 != this.result)
            {
                Assert.Fail(String.Format("Actual result {0} does not match expected result {1}",
                    this.result, 
                    p0));
            }
        }
    }
} 

Run the test

Build the solution, this should now build without any errors and open the Test Explorer window (Test->Windows->Test Explorer) and click on ‘Run All’

Testcase has run successfully

Congratulations, you’ve just run a SpecFlow test!